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Using thoughts to control your biology In their experiment, the researchers implanted a coin-sized device under the skin of mice that was made up of three components. Other applications of mind control technology The applications for this sort of technology are immense. Sources: boingboing. How to Poop In Outer Space. Embrace the Chaos: Designing for an Antifragile Future.
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Let's find out. Prize challenges, according to Challenge. The BBI recorded this activity, transformed it, and used it to stimulate an equivalent pattern into the brain of the decoder rat. The decoder rat had to correctly press a lever based on this stimulation.
Water was only given if both animals successfully pushed the right lever. The researchers found that both rats pushed the correct lever 62 percent of the time, or more than chance probability. Within a year, applications for this kind of device ballooned. Unlike the poor rats, the human device was non-invasive, meaning surgery wasn't required. This device transferred the movement signals from the encoder straight to the motor area of the brain of the decoder, without using a computer.
In the study, Rao and his team used an electroencephalography EEG , placing recording wires on the scalp of the encoding person. Then the scientists used transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the decoding person's brain, sending little magnetic pulses through their skull to activate a specific region of their brain.
This caused the second person to take the action that the first person meant to—for example, to press a button. But, cool as this sounds, there was a major limitation to the study. They weren't able to actively process the incoming neural information—meaning only movement was transferred, not thoughts. Instead, their hand simply moved when stimulated, as though a puppeteer was controlling their limbs.
Fortunately, a study using BBIs to transfer information between people swiftly followed. The same researchers at The University of Washington then designed a game with pairs of participants, similar to 20 Questions.
In the game, the encoder was given an object that the decoder wasn't familiar with. The goal was for the decoder to successfully guess the object through a series of yes or no questions.
But unlike in 20 Questions, the encoder responded by looking LED flashing lights, one signifying yes and the other no. To do so, the encoders had to wear an electroencephalography cap, or EEG cap, which uses electrodes on the scalp to detect brain activity.
Meanwhile, the decoders had a transcranial magnetic stimulation, or TMS apparatus, positioned above their corresponding brain area. The TMS creates small changes in the magnetic field, which caused neuron firing similar to that in the encoder participants. In other words, if the encoder said yes, the decoder simply saw a flash of light.
The decoders were successfully able to guess the object in 72 percent of the games, compared to an 18 percent success rate without the BBI.
This suggests a lot of promise for accurately transmitting information between two people. The brilliant aspect of this study was that by generating the transmitted signal in the visual areas of the brain, the decoding person was consciously aware of the information given to them.
Instead, information is encoded as integrated concepts that encapsulate all the sensations, emotions, relevant experiences and significance associated with an item. This explains how Just can use the very slow method of fMRI, which takes many minutes to acquire brain images, to determine what sentence a person is reading. The brain does not decode and store written information word by word, the way Google Translate does: It encodes the meaning of the sentence in its entirety.
This technological mind reading might seem scary. But such fears are simply not grounded in fact. Similar to the BCI used to operate a prosthetic device, this mind reading requires intense cooperation and effort by the participant. So all they have to do is think about a red apple the first time, a green apple the next time, maybe a Macintosh computer, and we are done. Critics often cite ethical concerns with BCI: loss of privacy, identity, agency and consent. They worry about abuses to enhance performance or the destruction of free will, and they raise concerns over disparities within society that reduce access to the technology.
These are all good points, worth consideration as the technology improves. Current methods of treating neurological and psychological disorders with chemicals or surgery are woefully inadequate.
It is natural to fear what we do not understand. For most of us, fear of mind control is an abstraction, but Copeland faced the reality of letting scientists open his skull and implant electrodes in his brain.
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