You'll save major bucks. For familiar brands and high-end labels, Atlanta's best shopping can be found in Buckhead. Go to Lenox Square Mall for a diverse sampling of well-known retailers. Phipps Plaza, across the street leans toward pricier offerings Giorgio Armani, Gucci, Jimmy Choo, Valentino, Versace , while various small boutiques can be found throughout the neighborhood.
A little further north, the immense Perimeter Mall delights in its extensive options--and surrounding restaurants. The Westside is a home design-lover's paradise with scores of antiques and interiors shops. This area also lays claim to big-name men's shops like Billy Reid and Sid Mashburn. Hot Tips: For an incomparable shopping experience, hit the sprawling Scott Antique Markets, held the second Thursday-Sunday of each month.
They typically hand them out to the first 20, fans at each game, so arrive on time or a little bit early! A city with undeniable Southern roots, modern Atlanta, a major tourist destination in the region is known for its growing number of talented celebrities, its diversity, shopping, thriving nightlife, and sultry weather.
It's called Hotlanta both for the weather and the nightlife. Atlanta is the home of Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, the world's busiest airport in the world. According to the airport itself about 90 million people travel through the airport every day. So, if you travel by air and have a layover, you are likely to make a stop in Atlanta. If you live or visit Atlanta, you can take a flight, train or bus to dozens of domestic and international destinations.
Through the years, Atlanta has become a hotbed of talent, particularly for rappers and singers who were either born in the city or now call it home.
There is also a never ending stream of television shows and movies that feature Atlanta, like the Real Housewives of Atlanta , the Braxton's Family Values , and Single Ladies. Although the old South is described as conservative and maybe even restrictive, Atlanta is known for its diversity and culture. Thousands of people travel to Atlanta for its annual gay pride festivities. You'll also find a healthy mix of people from various nationalities and religious beliefs.
Atlanta, therefore, represents a mix of old South values with modern beliefs from its population, which is a tad bit younger than some other cities. From Atlanta's nightclubs and music venues to its comedy clubs, the city has everything from high impact partying, to low-key jazz and poetry readings. People visit Atlanta to party in some of the hottest nightclubs in the region. Included among these new industries were the Atlanta Sword Manufactory and the Spiller and Burr pistol factory.
The biggest ordnance producer in the city, however, was the Confederate government arsenal, which produced percussion caps for muskets and pistols, small arms ammunition, saddles, bridles, cartridge boxes, canteens, and other military items and employed more than 5, men and women.
A second large war-related industry and producer was the Quartermaster Depot, which operated a shoe factory, a tannery, and a clothing depot that employed more than 3, seamstresses.
The same qualities that made Atlanta a strategically important town for the Confederacy also made it a tempting target for Union armies, and in the summer of General William T.
Sherman and his troops moved closer on their Atlanta campaign. From July 20 to August 25 Atlanta was subjected to a withering aerial bombardment. In the process a number of civilians were killed, and property and buildings in the city were badly damaged. Public buildings, selected commercial enterprises, industries including the Winship Foundry and the Atlanta Gas Light Company , which were operated by Union sympathizers , military installations, and blacksmith shops were also targeted.
As a result many Atlanta homes and businesses not marked for destruction were also consumed in the fires that swept the city on November 15, It also ultimately doomed the Confederacy and its fading hopes for victory and independence.
Finally, it left Atlanta burned, barren, and bankrupt. The scene that greeted those Atlanta residents who returned to the city in was grim indeed. Despite these austere conditions, Atlanta emerged from the ashes to rebuild quickly—bigger, noisier, and with even greater ambitions and goals than before.
The impact of the railroads was felt all over the city. Industrial development also increased, and although the city never became an industrial center like Birmingham, Alabama, about a third of its economic base in the s was tied to manufacturing, including a large number of enterprises connected to railroads and cotton processing. Between and almost 20, people moved to the city, and by the population had grown to almost 90, Atlanta was now the largest city in the state and the third largest in the Southeast.
Adding to this growing population were large numbers of African Americans, drawn to the city by opportunities for education and employment.
In African Americans in the city numbered less than 2,; by there were more than 35, Black Atlantans—approximately 40 percent of the total population of the city. Many of these new African American residents clustered in segregated neighborhoods or communities adjacent to emerging Black institutions of higher education—in east Atlanta in the Old Fourth Ward, where Morris Brown College was originally located; on the south side, where Clark College later Clark Atlanta University was first established; and on the west side, where Atlanta University later Clark Atlanta University and later Spelman and Morehouse colleges were located.
Elsewhere, Black Atlantans were largely confined to low-lying, flood-prone areas and other less desirable sections of the city. Despite these restrictions, the presence of this strong nucleus of Black colleges and growing economic opportunities laid the foundation for an emerging and influential Black middle class.
Better education particularly in industrial technology and engineering was also an important component of this philosophy, and in the Georgia Institute of Technology opened its doors in Atlanta to address this need. Other white institutions of higher education in Atlanta included Oglethorpe University , which reopened after the Civil War, and Agnes Scott College for women, which opened in Decatur in and became the first college in metropolitan Atlanta to be accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
Henry Grady and other business and civic leaders of Atlanta during this period looked for opportunities to showcase the potential of the city and the New South, and one of their favorite devices was the grand fair or exposition.
In Atlanta hosted the International Cotton Exposition , which drew , people from thirty-three states and seven foreign countries, and in the Piedmont Exposition opened with U. The grand showcase of them all, however, was the Cotton States and International Exposition, which featured buildings and exhibits devoted to minerals, agriculture, forestry, manufacturing, railroads, transportation, and electricity.
When Booker T. Washington, the most widely recognized Black educator in the country, addressed the opening day crowds at the exposition, he provided a prescription for Black development and progress that seemed to condone Jim Crow. As the new century dawned, Atlanta experienced a period of unprecedented growth.
Beyond the city limits new suburban developments arose, made possible by the presence first of the streetcar and later of the automobile. In the process of promoting and implementing these changes, Atlanta was remade and its economic, cultural, and physical structure dramatically altered.
In Ivan Allen Sr. Included among these businesses were such giants as Sears-Roebuck which built its southeastern retail and mail-order headquarters in Atlanta and General Motors which established a manufacturing plant in the city.
On the other side of the color line, a separate business and entertainment district for African Americans was growing along Auburn Avenue. With the rise of Jim Crow and increased racial violence and hostility including a race riot , Black businesses began to locate along the avenue in the old Fourth Ward, where a sizable African American residential community and influential Black churches such as First Congregational, Big Bethel African Methodist Episcopal , Wheat Street Baptist, and Ebenezer Baptist were already present.
It is the heart of Negro big business, a result of Negro cooperation and evidence of Negro possibility. Race and race relations also played a part in the distribution of municipal services, as the city worked to build the infrastructure necessary to support rapid urban growth. For much of the early twentieth century, water and sewer lines in Atlanta lagged behind population growth, many roads remained unpaved, public schools were overcrowded and underfunded, and health care and social services were inadequate to the task at hand.
As late as , for example, the city spent less than 16 percent of its annual school funds on African American students. Washington—which opened on the west side of Atlanta in In a violent race riot broke out in Atlanta. When the bloodshed finally ended, the city officially listed twelve dead ten Black and two white and seventy injured, although newspaper accounts reported a much higher number of deaths.
In tensions and emotions erupted again during the trial of Leo Frank , a Jewish businessman, accused of the murder of Mary Phagan, a young white factory worker. In , after his death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment, Frank was forcibly taken from his Milledgeville jail cell by a mob and lynched in Marietta.
Both the race riot and the Leo Frank lynching had far-ranging results. The race riot also contributed to the formation of local organizations dedicated to easing racial tensions and violence, such as the Commission on Inter-Racial Cooperation and the Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching. Both events also contributed, in part, to the reemergence of the Ku Klux Klan. By almost half of all Atlantans listed in the Social Register lived north of Ansley Park—many of them in Buckhead, which grew from a population of 2, in to 10, ten years later.
Automobiles were not the only new mode of transportation to make its mark in this period. The airplane also made its appearance in the city in the s, and by the end of the decade, Atlanta had an airfield, a passenger terminal, air mail and passenger routes, and an early connection with the airline industry that would serve the city well in the future.
The person most responsible for establishing this air connection was a young city councilman who would later become the longtime mayor of Atlanta— William B. By the eve of World War II , Atlanta was the center of an impressive network of air-, car, and rail lines.
In the decades to follow, these transportation links expanded and grew in importance as Atlanta established its preeminent position as the transportation capital of the Southeast. The growth and prosperity that characterized Atlanta during the early decades of the twentieth century were shaken by the severe economic depression that gripped the nation in the s.
Like many cities in the South, Atlanta was poorly prepared to meet the emergency. In fact, Atlanta ranked last among similar-sized cities in the nation in in terms of its per capita expenditures for welfare, and there were few municipal agencies or programs in place to help the rapidly growing number of unemployed.
Relief for unemployed and underemployed Atlantans finally arrived in the early s with the inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt as U. Atlanta took full advantage of the funds and resources made available by these New Deal programs and became one of the first cities in the nation to have a federally operated relief program.
The idea for these projects had originated with an Atlanta real estate developer, Charles F. Palmer, who wished to rid the city of some of its slums and replace them with federally funded public housing. Also involved in lobbying for this public housing was John Hope , president of Atlanta University. By the late s the severity of the depression in Atlanta was beginning to lessen.
Private business was picking up, the federal government trimmed the number of WPA workers in the city, the banks were all back in operation, and aviation continued to be a growth industry for Atlanta. It would take World War II and the industrial development and expenditures associated with that effort, however, to return Atlanta to full prosperity and launch the city into a new era of growth and transformation.
It expended millions more on such related projects as public housing, health-care facilities, and aid to schools near military facilities. Thousands of soldiers and military support personnel passed through or were stationed in Atlanta during the war at area bases and support facilities, including Fort McPherson , Fort Gillem , the Naval Air Station , and the Army Hospital and Airfield.
War-related industries also played a key role in the local economy. About Atlanta businesses devoted their total output to the war effort. The largest of these operations was the Bell Bomber later, Bell Aircraft plant, located in Marietta, which employed 28, workers including a sizeable number of women and African Americans at its peak in Another famous Atlanta business connected with the war effort was Coca-Cola , which distributed Cokes to servicemen and -women around the world during the war for five cents a bottle and, in the process, became a truly international corporation.
Also during this time, the forerunner of Atlanta Technical College was established in downtown Atlanta, and offered vocational training. The industrial and business growth that occurred during World War II continued and accelerated in Atlanta during the postwar years. In a new Ford automobile assembly plant was opened in Hapeville, and the following year General Motors opened a new factory in Doraville.
By there were new industries in Atlanta and almost 1, national corporations with offices in the city. Rapid population growth accompanied this postwar economic activity, and Atlanta expanded its borders to accommodate the growth. In the city annexed an additional 82 square miles, adding , new residents.
Well before federal money became available in the late s under the interstate highway program, Atlanta was already working on its freeways—an approach that allowed the city to link up later with three major interstate highways that connected Atlanta to the region and fed suburban metropolitan growth. Highway construction combined with urban renewal activities also lowered the supply of Black housing within the city—displacing almost 67, people in the period from to and adding to an already severe housing shortage.
In the s the traditional color line in housing, education, and politics in Atlanta began to crumble as African Americans asserted their increasing political power and the civil rights movement began to focus attention and energy on the overthrow of Jim Crow. In Black college students began a sit-in movement to desegregate downtown restaurants and other public facilities.
That fall, the city also began the court-ordered desegregation of its public schools as 9 Black students chosen from a pool of applicants peacefully integrated four Atlanta high schools—Brown, Henry Grady, Murphy, and Northside. This decision opened up new areas of the city for Black residential development particularly in southwest Atlanta.
It also accelerated the exodus of white Atlantans to the suburbs. During the s the white population of the city declined by 60,, while the Black population increased by 68, In this world, humans must continuously learn and adapt, and with this transition comes information overload. Heather gives lucidity to the complex topic of the future of work through her illuminating graphic frameworks and powerful metaphors, all backed by deep research.
In , LinkedIn ranked her as its number one global voice for education. Atlanta Regional Commission. City of Atlanta. Heather McGowan Bio. Population Change since
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